Abstract
This article concentrates on the special features of country-internal migration of immigrants.The internal migration of immigrants within the country and the growth ofurban centers are analyzed on the national level by municipalities and, in more detail,in nine differently structured local labor-market areas. The position of immigrants inthe local labor-market areas depends on their educational level. Urban centers withdeveloped, multistructured labor markets have strengthened their edge over others inattracting in-migrants from more peripheral areas in the subgroup of immigrants, aswell as in general. Internal and international migrations are related to each other. Thelarger urban centers and refugee-receiving municipalities play an important role inlinking international and internal migration.
Highlights
This article concentrates on the special features of country-internal migration of immigrants
Afterwards employment has only slowly increased, and most immigrant groups are still two or three times more likely to be out ofwork than the majority population
The gross-stream data in this article deals with all 16-74-year-old immigrants who immigrated to Finland in 1996 and föllows them up in regard to their labor-market status one year later, i.e. in 1997
Summary
The largest groups of immigrants in Finland come from Russia, Estonia, Sweden, Somalia, the förmer Yugoslavia, Iraq, Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States and Vietnam. Over sixty-two percent (62.6%) ofthe immigrants in N orthern Karelia come from either Russia or the area of the förmer Soviet Union Their proportion consists of over half of the immigrant population in the regions of Southern Karelia and Kymenlaakso (see Statistics Finland 2002). Turku is the second largest area of immigrant concentration in our country after the Helsinki conurbation proportion, which comprises Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo and Kauniainen. Turku has the third largest amount ofimmigrants of all Finland's municipalities; only Helsinki and Espoo exceed it in the number of immigrants. The internal in-migration ofFinland's immigrants has been strongly directed towards five cities: Helsinki (1,545 persons), Espoo (812 persons), Vantaa (783 persons), Turku (562 persons), and Tampere (287 persons) in 2001(Figure). The internal net migration of immigrants has been the highest in Espoo, Helsinki, Vantaa, and Turku (Figure 4; Table 1-2).
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