Abstract
The Caliph and the Imam: The Making of Sunnism and Shiism Toby Matthiesen. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2023. £25.00/$36.99. 944 pp. The Achilles Trap: Saddam Hussein, the C.I.A., and the Origins of America’s Invasion of Iraq Steve Coll. New York: Penguin Press, 2024. $35.00. 576 pp. Wars of Ambition: The United States, Iran, and the Struggle for the Middle East Afshon Ostovar. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2024. £22.99/$29.99. 360 pp. What Really Went Wrong: The West and the Failure of Democracy in the Middle East Fawaz A. Gerges. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2024. £20.00/$28.00. 336 pp. How Sanctions Work: Iran and the Impact of Economic Warfare Narges Bajoghli et al. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2024. $24.00. 212 pp.
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