Abstract

The generation of microwaves from interacting vortices formed in thin magnetized electron beams is investigated experimentally and with three-dimensional electromagnetic particle simulations. Fine-detail photographs of relativistic and nonrelativistic beams show that vortex formation transcends 12 orders of magnitude in beam current. The simulations show a burst of microwave radiation from a rapid magnetic line connection and breaking between vortices when the vortex structure is well defined.

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