Abstract
A novel method was developed for extraction and enrichment of the four alkaloids (nuciferine, O-nornuciferine, armepavine and N-nornuciferine) from lotus leaf by coupling microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) with solid phase microextraction (SPME) before ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analysis. The influence parameters of MAE and SPME process including solvent-to-materials ratio, extraction solvent, irradiation power, extraction time were investigated. The method exhibited a good linearity within the range of 0.4–100 μg mL−1 for nuciferine and O-nornuciferine, 0.1–25 μg mL−1 for armepavine and N-nornuciferine (r2 > 0.9990), respectively. Compared with the other extraction method, this method obviously shortens analytical time and enhances extraction efficiency. In addition, the concentration of the four alkaloids (nuciferine, O-nornuciferine, N-nornuciferine and armepavine) included two trace alkaloids were increased by 13, 10, 5 and 12 times after concentration, respectively. It was concluded that the newly MAE-SPME was an efficient method for the extraction and enrichment for alkaloids from herbs.
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