Abstract

In this study, an improved method of naturally acidic deep eutectic solvent-mediated microwave-assisted simultaneous hydrodistillation, hydrolysis, and extraction (MSHDHE) was employed to obtain essential oils, gallic acid and ellagic acid from Liquidambar formosana leaves and fruits. The obtained target analytes were then analyzed via GC‒MS and HPLC. The optimal extraction conditions were identified via a Box–Behnken design. Compared with fruits, L. formosana leaves contain more gallic acid and ellagic acid, which have more essential oils. GC‒MS analysis revealed few variations in the composition and content of L. formosana leaves and fruit essential oils. A total of 36 components in the essential oil of L. formosana leaves and 55 components in the essential oil of the fruits were detected via GC‒MS. Compared with classical hydrodistillation and microwave-assisted hydrodistillation, natural acidic deep eutectic solvents outperform conventional extraction solvents (pure water), providing a scientific foundation for the extraction of natural acid deep eutectic solvents consisting of choline chloride and natural organic acids.

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