Microstructure of the organs of the digestive canal of <i>Clarias gariepinus</i> against the background of the use of probiotics

Abstract

The African clary catfish is an exotic fish, so its breeding in our climate is carried out in closed water supply systems. The microbiota that is located in the gastrointestinal tract consists of various bacteria, and among them the most common are enterococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, etc. They perform a number of functions, such as participation in digestion, synthesis of vitamins, preventing the proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms, etc. d. The purpose of our work is to study the effect of dietary supplements on the degree of development and microstructure of the digestive canal organs of Clarias gariepinus fry. The material for the study was marbled catfish fry 30 and 60 days old, which were divided into three experimental groups according to the principle of analogue pairs. For a month after hatching, they were fed with food with the addition of a dry lyophilized culture of the Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp complex. bulgaricus with Bifidobacterium lactis, as well as a probiotic with Enterococcus faecium. At the end of the experiment, histological studies of the digestive canal organs were carried out using our improved method. The results of histological studies showed that, against the background of the use of probiotic feed additives of various compositions, changes in the structure of the wall of the esophagus and stomach of experimental fry are observed. In the epithelial plate of the esophageal wall, against the background of the use of a complex of lactoand bifidobacteria, the number of mucous and chloride cells visually increases. The degree of development of gastric glands after adding Enterococcus faecium to the feed is more pronounced by 30 days of age, and in 2-month-old fry their number is visually greater in fish using a complex of lactoand bifidobacteria. The study of the microstructure of organs proves that the use of these biological additives has a positive effect on the growth and development of the digestive tract organs of the African clariid catfish.