Microstructural assessment of organs and tissues in experimental immunosuppression and correction in animals

Abstract

Abstract. Modern technological conditions of keeping and exploitation of animals and poultry do not exclude the negative impact of stress on their body. This leads to a decrease in the body’s resistance, an increase in morbidity and mortality. In addition, the quantity and quality of the products obtained are reduced. Stress prevention helps to increase the natural resistance of the body. The search for effective means of preventing stress reactions of the body in animal husbandry and poultry farming is an urgent problem of practical veterinary medicine. Polymineral feed additives of natural and artificial origin may exhibit adaptogenic properties. The purpose of this study was to give a microhistochemical assessment of the effectiveness of a mineral feed additive on some internal organs during experimental immunosuppression in laboratory animals. In the conditions of experimental immunosuppression, to identify the effect of a feed additive on the structure of organ cells and their metabolism. Materials and methods. To confirm the effectiveness of the mineral adaptogen, histological, morphometric and histochemical studies of stress-determining organs (adrenal glands), organs of excretion of metabolic products (kidneys) and the central organ of homeostasis (liver) were performed. As a result of the conducted studies, the organoprotective role of the mineral adaptogen was revealed. The most sensitive organs to the action of adverse factors (liver, kidneys, adrenal glands) have been identified. Morphometrically determined the reliability of morphological changes in them. During prophylactic feeding of mineral adaptogen in the studied organs, the revealed changes did not have total destruction, approaching the structure and metabolic processes in cells to the structure of these organs in intact animals. Scientific novelty. For the first time, a comparative microstructural, histochemical and morphometric assessment of some internal organs in the body of laboratory animals under conditions of artificially induced immunosuppression was carried out, confirming the organoprotective effect of a mineral adaptogen – a feed mineral additive of domestic production.