Microfungi Rhizo-Pyllosphere, Endomycorrhizae of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) in Karangwangi Countryside, South Cianjur, West Java Indonesia

Abstract

Fermented banana “sale pisang” are hold potential home industry in Karangwangi countryside, in South Cianjur. However, recently sale pisang’s production is affected significantly by the pathogenic fungi. Research about microfungi rhizo-phyllosphere and endomycorrhizae of banana plant (Musa paradisiaca L.) in West Java aims to identify this reason. Preliminary survey to research locations using explorative method, sampling soils around roots, and leaves. Microfungi culture and counting were conducted by dilution technique and Total Plate Count (TPC) methods. Fungi identification was performed with Moist Chamber Technique based on morphology. While plant determination surround of banana plant, infection rate and colouring of endomycorrhizae were conducted according to the standard protocol described elsewhere. In this study, 11 species of microfungi were identified, namely Acremonium sp., Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Curvularia sp., Fusarium sp., Monilia sp., Nigrospora sp., Penicillium sp1., Penicillium sp2., Phytophthora sp. and Trichoderma sp. Eventually Endomycorrhizae species were Gigaspora sp. and Acaulospora sp. Infection rate of plants surrounding banana plant were varied for Mimosa pudica, Cyperus rotundus, Stachytarpheya jamaicinensis, Cyperus kyllingia, Melinis minutiflora, Erechtites hieracifolia, Arachis hypogaea, Momordica charantia, Euphorbia hyrta, Amaranthus gracilis, Manihot utillissima, Ageratum conyzoides, Emilia sonchifolia, Widelia triloba, Amaranthus spynosus and Solanum nigrum as much as 20, 20, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 20, 60, 40, 100, 40, 40, 40, 40 and 20%, respectively. This species-specific rate of infection is discussed in order to obtain insight how the diversity of microfungi may affect mycorrhizal infection in banana plants.