Mass production of Telenomus remus Nixon with an artificial diet and with leaves of Ricinus communis L., and its practical use in the control of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)

Abstract

Mass production of Telenomus remus (Nixon) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) through artificial and natural diets for biological of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E.Smith) is discussed. The diet based on R. communis leaves, is less expensive since does not need high cost materials and other devices, one limitation is to produce high numbers of parasitoids related to the high need of leaves. Good effectiveness of T. remus has been recorded, when used at a rate of 6000-8000 individuals/ha/release, obtaining a high level of control and economic benefits.