Abstract
Prolactin is a hormone produced in the anterior lobe of the pituitary, probably by the eosinophilic cells. It was early found to stimulate lactation in the mammary gland and proliferation of the mucosa of the crop-sacs of doves and pigeons. Purification studies have shown it to be protein-like in chemical and physical properties. It is found in the fraction which is insoluble in water and quite soluble in 60–70 p.c. ethanol or acetone at pH 4.5–5.5, but is precipitated by ethanol of 85–90 p.c. concentration. Six additional physiological responses to our most potent preparations of prolactin have been obtained and studied in our laboratory; these are discussed by Riddle in a later paper in this volume. Some of these other responses may be due to some contaminating hormone, and since none of them seems promising for quantitative assay, we will confine our descriptions to mammary gland and crop-sac methods.
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