Abstract
This study reports the modification of synthetic ZnO nanoparticles by Hexamethylemediamine (HMD) grafting and an in-situ dispersion of iron nanoparticles (FeoNPs). The changes in structural, optical and electrical properties of the resulting Metal-Organo-Zinc oxide (MOZ) were investigated. Covalent surface-grafting of HMD within ZnO mesopores was confirmed by Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that dispersion of fine iron NPs occurs mainly inside ZnO mesopores, producing a slight structure expansion. This was accompanied by a significant improvement of the electrical conductivity. Iron NP incorporation and HMD grafting resulted in a slight decrease in the optical band gap energy in the metal-organo-zinc oxide. Slight shifts towards higher wavelengths are attributed to change in the acceptor capacity level induced by iron nanoparticles. The capacitance, conductance and relaxation phenomenon of the material were studied by means of impedance spectroscopy measurements at several temperatures. Both FeoNPs incorporation and HMD grafting appear to be, at least partly, responsible for conductance variations. The effects of the surface groups of ZnO–HMD–Fe and charge transfer were found to be almost proportional to the capacitance. These properties make these materials to be regarded as promising electrode materials for high-efficiency energy storage.
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