Metabolite Profiling of Peltophorum africanum Sond. & Saraca indica L. Leaves via HR-UPLC/PDA/ESI/MS Analysis and Assessment of their Anti-Diabetic Potential

Abstract

This study aimed to screen different extracts (E) such as total ethanol (TE), petroleum ether (PE) chloroform (CH), ethyl acetate (EA) and methanol (AM) extracts of Peltophorum africanum Sond. (PA) and Saraca indica L. (SI) leaves (family fabaceae) for their in-vitro antidiabetic activity using α-amylase inhibition assay. The extracts that showed remarkable in vitro activity were further subjected to in vivo anti-diabetic assessment using streptozotocin-induced diabetes model in experimental animals where serum glucose, C-peptide, liver glycogen content in addition to lipid peroxide level in both serum and liver were estimated biochemically in normal and diseased rats. The average percent of weight change and kidney to body weight ratio percent were calculated for all animal groups. Histopathological examination of pancreas, liver and kidney sections isolated from all animals was carried out. UPLC/MS/MS analysis of TEE of PA and SI for chemical investigation was performed. Results of the in vitro anti diabetic activity revealed that EAE, PEE& TEE of PA and TEE & EAE of SI possessed the highest inhibitory activity as compared to acarbose. In vivo antidiabetic activity of the selected extracts revealed that animal groups treated daily with EAE of PA and SI exhibited a significant improvement in carbohydrate metabolism and lipid peroxide level, with superior effect in comparison with that of TEE and PEE of both plants. Histopathological findings showed marked protection particularly in sections isolated from animals treated with EAE of PA. UPLC/MS/MS analysis of TEE of both plants identified 46 metabolites belonging to various classes. It could be suggested that active extracts of both plants could be considered as potential natural antioxidant and anti-diabetic agents.