Abstract
BackgroundThe 1306 C>T, 1171 5A>6A, and 1562C>T polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP3, and MMP9 genes, respectively, have been found to be functional and may contribute to head and neck carcinogenesis. However, the results of case-control studies examining associations between MMP polymorphisms and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk remain inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to further evaluate the role of these polymorphisms in HNC development.MethodsWe searched PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE, Embase, and Google Scholar to identify all published case-control studies of MMP2-1306 C>T, MMP3-1171 5A>6A, and MMP9-1562 C>T polymorphisms and HNC risk in the meta-analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between these polymorphisms and HNC risk.ResultsThirteen studies were included in this meta-analysis. For MMP2-1306 C>T polymorphism, significant associations were observed under three genetic models both in overall comparison and in a hospital-based subgroup, and in oral cavity cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer under dominant model as well. For MMP3-1171 5A>6A and MMP9-1562 C>T polymorphisms, no association was found in overall comparison; however, in subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and tumor site, significant associations were detected between the MMP3-1171 5A>6A polymorphism and HNC risk in a European population and pharyngeal/laryngeal cancer under two genetic contrasts.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests that the MMP2-1306 C>T polymorphism is associated with HNC risk, as is the MMP3-1171 5A>6A polymorphism specifically in some subgroups. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted.
Highlights
Head and neck cancer (HNC), which includes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx, is one of the most common cancers worldwide [1]
13 studies of the association of MMP2, MMP3, and MMP9 polymorphisms with the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) were included in this mata-analysis (Figure 1)
In subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and tumor site, the MMP3-1171 5A.6A polymorphism was significantly associated with HNC risk in Europeans (OR, 0.59; 95% confidence intervals (CIs), 0.41–0.85; I2, 0, Pheterogeneity = 0.339 for the recessive model and Odds ratios (ORs), 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61–0.94; I2, 0, Pheterogeneity = 0.6 for the allele contrast model) and in pharyngeal/laryngeal cancers (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.28–0.72; I2, 0, Pheterogeneity = 0.658 for the recessive model and OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.49–0.88; I2, 46.5%, Pheterogeneity = 0.172 for the allele contrast model), but the MMP31171 5A.6A polymorphism was not significantly associated with
Summary
Head and neck cancer (HNC), which includes cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx, is one of the most common cancers worldwide [1] It accounts for nearly 3% of all incident malignancies in the United States with an estimated 52,610 new cases and 11,500 deaths from HNC in 2012 [2]. It is characterized by local tumor aggressiveness that could lead to a high recurrence rate and a low survival rate [3]. We performed a meta-analysis to further evaluate the role of these polymorphisms in HNC development
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