Abstract
Diabetes is a worldwide disease which actually includes different disorders related to glucose metabolism. According to different epidemiological studies, patients affected by diabetes present a higher risk to develop both acute and chronic pancreatitis, clinical situations which, in turn, increase the risk to develop pancreatic cancer. Current therapies are able to adjust insulin levels according to blood glucose peak, but they only partly reach the goal to abrogate the consequent inflammatory milieu responsible for diabetes-related diseases. In recent years, many studies have investigated the possible use of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as alternative therapeutic treatment for diabetes, with promising results due to the manifold properties of these cells. In this review we will critically analyze the many different uses of MSCs for both diabetes treatment and for the reduction of diabetes-related disease development, focusing on their putative molecular mechanisms.
Highlights
Pancreatic disorders are a group of diseases which may affect the exocrine as well as the endocrine portion of the organ, with different severity degrees and, overall, different prognosis
According to different epidemiological studies, patients affected by diabetes present a higher risk to develop both acute and chronic pancreatitis, clinical situations which, in turn, increase the risk to develop pancreatic cancer
Many studies have investigated the possible use of adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as alternative therapeutic treatment for diabetes, with promising results due to the manifold properties of these cells
Summary
Pancreatic disorders are a group of diseases which may affect the exocrine as well as the endocrine portion of the organ, with different severity degrees and, overall, different prognosis. They include diabetes, acute and chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatic cancer, distinct diseases which can, become strictly correlated, since diabetes can rise as a consequence of acute and chronic pancreatitis, and diabetic patients present an increased risk to develop acute pancreatitis [1]. After an overview on pancreatic disorders and their linking connections, we will present the most significant studies on the potential use of MSCs to fight pancreatic diseases, with a critical examination of the supporting data and of their mechanisms of action
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