Abstract
Over the past decade, the Brazilian Development Bank (Portuguese: Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, abbreviated: BNDES) has become the main financial agent of the Brazilian companies specialized in the cultural sector. Throughout the expansion of household expenditure on goods, services and cultural activities, especially between 2004 and 2014, the Brazilian Development Bank extended its actions, services, financial products for cultural undertakings, plotting this way to a branched financial and institutional network that directly involves those Brazilian companies in the cultural sector operating in certain chains of creation, production, distribution and commercialization of artistic and cultural, digital and entertainment activities, notably in the context of audiovisual, editorial and property segment. This aspect has produced a fairly significant injunction within Brazilian cultural fields, once, until 2006, the largest development bank in Latin America, BNDES, was related to cultural fields only through the regular use of federal laws for Cultural Incentives, as the Rouanet Law, and it did not provide its main financial products, at reduced long-term interest rates, straight away to specialized private cultural undertakings, which comprise long value chains and also harbor the vast majority of workers and professionals in the cultural sector. Such changes have led BNDES to a range of new financial and institutional activities, which, together, turned it into the most important state actor in the market of cultural capitalism in Brazil.Keywords: Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES), cultural fields, Brazilian companies in the cultural sector.
Highlights
Este é um artigo de acesso aberto, licenciado por Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional (CC BY 4.0), sendo permitidas reprodução, adaptação e distribuição desde que o autor e a fonte originais sejam creditados
The Brazilian Development Bank (Portuguese: Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, abbreviated: BNDES) has become the main financial agent of the Brazilian companies specialized in the cultural sector
Throughout the expansion of household expenditure on goods, services and cultural activities, especially between 2004 and 2014, the Brazilian Development Bank extended its actions, services, financial products for cultural undertakings, plotting this way to a branched financial and institutional network that directly involves those Brazilian companies in the cultural sector operating in certain chains of creation, production, distribution and commercialization of artistic and cultural, digital and entertainment activities, notably in the context of audiovisual, editorial and property segment
Summary
O segundo eixo da Figura 2, compreende o Programa BNDES de Desenvolvimento da Economia da Cultura – PROCULT. Por meio do Programa Cinema Perto de Você, por exemplo, cujos recursos são oriundos do Fundo Setorial do Audiovisual (FSA), o PROCULT realiza operações de créditos para as empresas exibidoras nacionais e empresas que atuam na infraestrutura de digitalização das salas de cinema, com juros de longo prazo bastante reduzidos. O FSA é um fundo de investimento inscrito como modalidade específica do Fundo Nacional de Cultura (FNC), a partir das interfaces jurídica, tributárias e financeiras estabelecidas com a Lei no 12.485 (lei da TV por assinatura), o FSA promoveu uma profunda alteração na dinâmica de construção dos modelos de negócios, das racionalidades empresariais, dos processos criativos e do planejamento econômico envolvendo as empresas que atuam no mercado de conteúdos audiovisuais brasileiros, principalmente as produtoras, distribuidoras exibidoras que atuam nos vetores da TV por assinatura, cinema e games. Entre 2006 e 2011, antes da efetiva vigência da Lei 12.485 e do início da arrecadação da CODECINE Teles, os demais impostos criados para o desenvolvimento da indústria cinematográfica brasileira, como a CODECINE Título e o CODECINE Re-
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