Abstract
To answer different problems set by the 21st century, European Union is constantly updating the old and adapting new directives and regulations. One of these directives is 2010/31/EU as a piece of Energy package which sets forth a goal to reduce primary energy use by 20% and to achieve 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020. It also sets a task for all buildings built after 2020 to be zero-energy buildings. To achieve these goals, next to existing building materials, a new, innovative, and more sustainable materials needs to be studied and implemented. One of these possible materials is lime-hemp concrete – a self-bearing thermal insulation material that consist of lime and hemp shives. Its mechanical properties seem promising, and thermal conductivity below 0,08 W/m*K is significant result for a material that sequesters more CO2 then is created in its life cycle. In the paper an effect of pre-compressed of hemp-lime mix before curing is studied. Two different binders were chosen (dolomitic lime and dolomitic lime with metakaolin) and three different compaction ratios – 50, 25 and 0 %. As expected, the compaction has a direct impact on compressive strength, as well as flexural. The elevated densities also have a negative effect on thermal conductivity, yet not as much if the same density would be achieved with addition of more binder. This method could help to produce lime-hemp concrete materials with better strength/thermal conductivity ratio. A further research of improved drying techniques is needed, as the samples had softer inner part, due to excess moisture during curing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.8.3.7451
Highlights
In recent years European Union has taken several important steps to make its energy policy more sustainable due to various reasons – economical (Filippini et al 2014), security (Gracceva and Zeniewski 2014) and environmental (Desideri et al 2014). One of those steps were the passing of directive 2010/31/EU (DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU) “On the energy performance of the buildings” as a piece of Climate and Energy package which one of the goals are to reduce primary energy use by 20% and to achieve 20% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2020 (Broin et al 2014)
One of the most important points of this directive is the requirement for all buildings built after year 2020 to be zero-energy buildings (DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU)
This material uses inner part of the hemp stalk – hemp shives – a byproduct of hemp fiber manufacture as a filler and hydraulic lime as binder, it is known as lime-hemp concrete (LHC as referred in this article), hempcrete, hemp-lime and green concrete (Bruijn and Johansson 2014)
Summary
One of the new material which has a potential to be used more widespread to meet these new demands is natural insulation material made out of hemp and lime This material uses inner part of the hemp stalk – hemp shives – a byproduct of hemp fiber manufacture as a filler and hydraulic lime as binder, it is known as lime-hemp concrete (LHC as referred in this article), hempcrete, hemp-lime and green concrete (Bruijn and Johansson 2014). As can be seen from the review, the LHC could be rather appropriate material to answer the challenges of the modern society It is not fully researched and tested in different environments, and the technologies regarding its manufacture, testing and disposal can be improved.
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