Meaning and Symbolism of Industrial Architecture in Albania

Abstract

Industrial architecture represents the evolution of technology, the growth of industry and the presence of new urban forms in the context of the city. The Albanian industrial history dates back to 19th century. The country’s industrial sector has experienced significant growth and transformation particularly during the socialist period from 1945 to 1990. Industrial facilities and complexes built over 50 years impacted the urban and social development of Albanian cities. Their architecture is characterized by a mix of different styles, including socialist realism and functionalism. These styles reflect the political, social, and economic history of Albania. The buildings, which include factories, mines, and power plants, are scattered throughout the country and their symbolism is multifaceted. They represent Albania’s aspirations to modernize society and build socialism. Moreover, industrial architecture in Albania has been the subject of different approaches and attitudes. Some argue for its preservation as part of the country’s cultural heritage, while others advocate its demolition and replacement with more modern structures. In this context, this paper investigates the meaning and symbolism of industrial architecture in Albania and its impact on the country’s identity and cultural landscape, referring to the city of Tirana. Industrial architecture in Albania plays a significant role in the country’s cultural landscape and identity. Its symbolism is complex and multifaceted, representing both the achievements and the challenges of Albania’s industrial past, as well as the communist doctrine. As Albania continues to evolve and modernize, the preservation and interpretation of its industrial heritage will remain a crucial issue for its people and policymakers.