Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission or the greenhouse gas (GHG) emitted into the atmosphere over several decades, has adversely impacted the environment with the consequences of global warming (GW) from the eventual climate change on earth. GW manifested from consumption of fossil fuels (coals, crude oil and natural gas) to generate energy for daily economic and commercial activities. To mitigate the devastating impact of GW, the United Nations (UN) initiated climate action policies that apply innovative measures to minimize and reduce carbon emissions. Nations are engaged in annual multilateral conventions, for a net-zero future against imminent catastrophe. The policy objective is, to preserve the planet earth for man’s future/sustainable existence. The GW mitigation and adaptation measures are enforced partly through implementing global energy solutions management (GESM), applied on energy-mix menu, for optimal energy utilization, energy security and affordability. This paper highlights the critical roles in energy transition and security, involving continual utilization of fossil fuels to produce cleaner energy as well as renewable energy.
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