Abstract
Marine oil spill detection is vital for strengthening the emergency commands of oil spill accidents and repairing the marine environment after a disaster. Polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (Pol-SAR) can obtain abundant information of the targets by measuring their complex scattering matrices, which is conducive to analyze and interpret the scattering mechanism of oil slicks, look-alikes, and seawater and realize the extraction and detection of oil slicks. The polarimetric features of quad-pol SAR have now been extended to oil spill detection. Inspired by this advancement, we proposed a set of improved polarimetric feature combination based on polarimetric scattering entropy H and the improved anisotropy A12–H_A12. The objective of this study was to improve the distinguishability between oil slicks, look-alikes, and background seawater. First, the oil spill detection capability of the H_A12 combination was observed to be superior than that obtained using the traditional H_A combination; therefore, it can be adopted as an alternate oil spill detection strategy to the latter. Second, H(1 − A12) combination can enhance the scattering randomness of the oil spill target, which outperformed the remaining types of polarimetric feature parameters in different oil spill scenarios, including in respect to the relative thickness information of oil slicks, oil slicks and look-alikes, and different types of oil slicks. The evaluations and comparisons showed that the proposed polarimetric features can indicate the oil slick information and effectively suppress the sea clutter and look-alike information.
Highlights
Marine oil spill detection is vital for strengthening the emergency commands of oil spill accidents and repairing the marine environment after a disaster
Oil spill detection results and the variable importance ordering of scenarios with different types of oil slicks are shown in Figure 13 and Table 6, respectively
These visualization results and accuracy indicators demonstrate that mineral oil, plant oil, and seawater were classified and extracted; the edge of the crude oil and emulsion and local cavity areas within the thin oil slick were classified as plant oil slicks because their scattering characteristics are similar because of weathering
Summary
Marine oil spill detection is vital for strengthening the emergency commands of oil spill accidents and repairing the marine environment after a disaster. Radar (Pol-SAR) can obtain abundant information of the targets by measuring their complex scattering matrices, which is conducive to analyze and interpret the scattering mechanism of oil slicks, look-alikes, and seawater and realize the extraction and detection of oil slicks. The polarimetric features of quad-pol SAR have been extended to oil spill detection. Marine oil spills present a global phenomenon, whether in open water or offshore, and receive extensive public attention as a major environmental pollution problem [1,2,3] Their rapid and effective detection is of vital significance for strengthening the emergency response involved in maritime traffic safety, search and rescue, and repairing the marine environment after disasters [1,4,5,6]. The Pol-SAR system obtains sufficient scattering information and measures the scattering matrix of the target through a record of amplitude and phase data measured at different polarization channels combination [4,6]
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