Marine Algae Incorporated Polylactide Acid Patch: Novel Candidate for Targeting Osteosarcoma Cells without Impairing the Osteoblastic Proliferation.

Salih Veziroglu,Franz Faupel,Hendrik Naujokat,Fatih Karayürek,Jacek Fiutowski,Yogendra Kumar Mishra,Mustafa Ayna,Yahya Açil,Aydin Gülses,Selin Sayin,Jörg Wiltfang,Eyüp Ilker Saygili,Theresa Kohlhaas,Oral Cenk Aktas

doi:10.3390/polym13060847

Abstract

Biodegradable collagen-based materials have been preferred as scaffolds and grafts for diverse clinical applications in density and orthopedy. Besides the advantages of using such bio-originated materials, the use of collagen matrices increases the risk of infection transmission through the cells or the tissues of the graft/scaffold. In addition, such collagen-based solutions are not counted as economically feasible approaches due to their high production cost. In recent years, incorporation of marine algae in synthetic polymers has been considered as an alternative method for preparation grafts/scaffolds since they represent abundant and cheap source of potential biopolymers. Current work aims to propose a novel composite patch prepared by blending Sargassum vulgare powders (SVP) to polylactide (PLA) as an alternative to the porcine-derived membranes. SVP-PLA composite patches were produced by using a modified solvent casting method. Following detailed material characterization to assess the cytocompatibility, human osteoblasts (HOBs) and osteosarcoma cells (SaOS-2) were seeded on neat PLA and SVP-PLA patches. MTT and BrdU assays indicated a greater cytocompatibility and higher proliferation for HOBs cultured on SVP-PLA composite than for those cultured on neat PLA. SaOS-2 cells cultured on SVP-PLA exhibited a significant decrease in cell proliferation. The composite patch described herein exhibits an antiproliferative effect against SaOS-2 cells without impairing HOBs’ adhesion and proliferation.

Highlights

IntroductionIn bone tissue engineering procedures, polymers are one of the most preferred materials, thanks to their wide range of application scopes
Many patients suffer from critical bone defects secondary to trauma, diseases, ablative tumor surgeries or congenital malformations [1], which necessitate bone grafting procedures and bone tissue engineering solutions, including scaffolds, membranes, and patches.Especially in bone tissue engineering procedures, polymers are one of the most preferred materials, thanks to their wide range of application scopes
Neat PLA and Sargassum vulgare powders (SVP)-PLA could exhibit a proper elasticity, which is could be crucial for the treatment of bone defects with complex geometries (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

In bone tissue engineering procedures, polymers are one of the most preferred materials, thanks to their wide range of application scopes. Polymers can be classified into three groups: entirely synthetic polymers, natural polymers, and their combinations [2]. Synthetic polymers allow for better control of chemical, physical, and mechanical properties, as well as degradation rate [3]. The flexibility in fabrication and processing methods allow the production of synthetic polymers in a wide range of forms with desired porosity, morphology, and anisotropy, which are crucial factors for the enhancement of cell attachment and proliferation. Possible toxicity and inflammatory responses of synthetic polymers have been reported by various research groups [4]

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Results

Conclusion