Abstract
Marcus Gunn, 1 in 1883, published in the Transactions of the Ophthalmological Society of the United Kingdom , a case of Congenital ptosis with peculiar associated movements of the affected lid. Earlier summaries of case reports were made by Sinclair, 2 in 1895 (32 cases) and Villard, 3 in 1925 (93 cases). Grant 4 reviewed the literature and published the 101st case in 1936. Falls, Kruse, and Cotterman 5 published a good summary in the American Journal of Ophthalmology in 1949. They collected 115 published cases. Spaeth, 6 in 1947, found 2 cases in 100 consecutive ptosis cases; to other authors this has appeared an unusually high incidence. Kanter, 7 in 1955, reports eight cases, of which six were typical. The Marcus Gunn phenomenon is often referred to as the jaw-winking phenomenon. This is inaccurate, because it is not a wink but a lid retraction. Clinical Picture The typical case is
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