Abstract
Civilian injuries are increasing according to the World Health Organization, and this is attributed mainly to road traffic accidents and urban interpersonal violence. Vascular injuries are common in these scenarios and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Associated peripheral venous trauma is less likely to lead to death and controversy remains whether ligation or repair should be the primary approach. Conversely, non-compressible truncal venous insult can be lethal due to exsanguination, thus a high index of suspicion is crucial. Operative management is demanding with fair results but recent endovascular adjuncts demonstrate promising results and seem to be the way forward for these serious conditions.
Highlights
Over the past 50 years, additional advances in managing vascular trauma have been made in both civilian and military practices
Venous injury is less likely to lead to death especially when a peripheral vein is involved and the most likely result would be thrombosis of the affected vessel
Trauma-related venous thrombosis management can be difficult because hemorrhagic risk in the setting of concomitant injuries limits the use of systemic anticoagulation and may require a vena cava filter [2]
Summary
Civilian injuries are increasing according to the World Health Organization, and this is attributed mainly to road traffic accidents and urban interpersonal violence. Vascular injuries are common in these scenarios and are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Associated peripheral venous trauma is less likely to lead to death and controversy remains whether ligation or repair should be the primary approach. Non-compressible truncal venous insult can be lethal due to exsanguination, a high index of suspicion is crucial. Operative management is demanding with fair results but recent endovascular adjuncts demonstrate promising results and seem to be the way forward for these serious conditions. Reviewed by: Marina Kafeza, Imperial College London, United Kingdom Fragiska Sigala, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece. Specialty section: This article was submitted to Vascular Surgery, a section of the journal
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