Management of Frostbite Injury in Primary Care

Abstract

Frostbite is cold-related tissue ischemia and damage that occurs after exposure to freezing temperatures. Appropriate classification of frostbite injury allows for timely diagnosis and early intervention, which can affect long-term sequelae, function, and overall well-being. Severe frostbite injury is irreversible and requires in-hospital interventions to maximize tissue salvage. Superficial frostbite injury is reversible and can be effectively managed in primary care settings. In collaboration with a multidisciplinary team, nurse practitioners can effectively manage frostbite-related complications with pharmacologic and adjunctive treatments.