Abstract
Barley plants (cv. Giza 2000) are infected by Drechslera teres which causes net blotch disease symptoms and yield losses. Plants were treated with commercial molecular products such as Trichoderma asperilium (T34), eugenol compared to non-traditional compounds (potassium silicate, nano-selenium) and fungicides (Maven, Montoro, and Decent) which selected from 12 treatments according to their important effects on infected barley plants. Bio-arc, Tilt, Rush up, Curve, and Amisto treatments were left out because of their lower efficiency of some treatments and similarity of the active ingredients of some other of them.Disease severity (%) was significantlty decreased as a result of the selected treatments, except eugenol which showed less reduction than the control. Disease symptoms were suppressed and electrolyte leakage % was reduced significantly due to all treatments than the control treatment. As a consequence of treatments, endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2−) was significantly elevated early after the inoculation, consequently, later on catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were increased significantly than the control. Elevated levels of O2− early after inoculation could play essential role in killing or suppressing the fungus and inhibiting disease symptoms as well as stimulated enzyme activities. Interestingly, the treatments were effective so that the yield characters (1000 K.W. and grain yield/plo) were increased significantly than the control treatment. These results indicated that the biological commercial product of Trichoderma asperilium 34 and non-traditional biological compounds in this research study are so effective and could be used as an alternative to fungicides.
Highlights
Barley is one of the most important cereal crops in the world
Applications of potassium silicate in dicotyledonous plants reduced the number of colonies of Sphaerotheca fuliginea and reduced angular leaf spot severity on common bean compared to the untreated control (Rodrigues et al 2010)
Seven treatments were selected according to their important effects on infected barley plants as follow: of barley leaves, where they placed in 25 ml deionized water (Milli-Q 50, USA)
Summary
Barley is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. It is used for animal feed and human food (Malcolmson et al 2005). Net blotch is a wide-spread disease in Middle and Northern Egypt, whereas not noticed in Upper Egypt (El-Nashar, 1983) It can cause yield loss in some susceptible cultivars such. Applications of potassium silicate in dicotyledonous plants reduced the number of colonies of Sphaerotheca fuliginea and reduced angular leaf spot severity on common bean compared to the untreated control (Rodrigues et al 2010). It covered the cuticle of vine leaves and prevented germination and the penetration of ascospores of Uncinula necator (Bowen et al 1992). The present research aimed to develop non-traditional alternative and biological control compounds against D. teres compared to commercial fungicides
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