Magnetresonanz-Enterographie/Enteroklysma

Abstract

Magnetic resonance enterography/enteroclysma (MRE) is an examination technique without ionizing radiation that allows assessment of bowel wall changes and extraluminal pathologies/complications such as in chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, among others. To discuss requirements for optimal MR imaging of the small bowel, technical basis of MRE and principles for the development and optimization of aMRE protocol, and clinical indications for this specific imaging technique. Guidelines, basic and review papers will be analyzed. MRE enables the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases and neoplasms and their evaluation during therapy. In addition to intra- and transmural changes, extramural pathologies and complications can also be detected. Standard sequences include steady-state free precession sequences, T2-weighted single-shot fast spin echo sequences, and three-dimensional (3D) T1-weighted gradient echo (GRE) sequences with fat saturation after contrast administration. Prior to image acquisition, optimal patient preparation and distension of the bowel using intraluminal contrast agents is necessary. Careful patient preparation for MRE, understanding of optimal imaging technique, and appropriate clinical indications are essential to achieve high-quality images of the bowel for accurate assessment and diagnosis as well as therapy monitoring of small bowel disease.