Magnetohydrodynamic pulsatile flow of third grade hybrid nanofluid in a porous channel with Ohmic heating and thermal radiation effects

Abstract

In this work, magnetohydrodynamic pulsatile flow of third grade hybrid nanofluid in a porous channel under the impacts of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation, and Ohmic heating has been analyzed. Blood (the base fluid) is considered as a third grade fluid, while gold and alumina are as nanoparticles. This investigation is significant in the field of food processing system, pressure surges (pulsatile flow application), biomedical engineering, cancer therapeutic, and nano-drug suspension in pharmaceuticals. The literature shows that the investigations are related to the pulsating flow of nanofluid only. The study related to the pulsating flow of third grade hybrid nanofluid with Joule heating and thermal radiation did not report so far. The novelty of the present work is the investigation of the pulsatile hybrid nanofluid flow with thermal radiation and Joule heating effects in a permeable channel. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into system of ordinary differential equations by employing the perturbation method, then solved by adopting 4th order Runge–Kutta method along with the help of the shooting method. The impressions of pertinent parameters and emerging variables are portrayed via graphical illustrations. The results depict that the velocity decreases with a rise in Hartmann number and non-Newtonian parameter. The temperature of nanofluid is enhanced with increasing viscous dissipation. A high heat transfer rate is observed with the enhancement of viscous dissipation while a lower heat transfer rate is observed with increasing magnetic field and thermal radiation.