Cattaneo–Christov heat flux on MHD flow of hybrid nanofluid across stretched cylinder with radiations and Joule heating effects

Abstract

In the current paper, we look at the effects of thermal radiation and Joule heating on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of a hybrid nanofluid through a stretched cylinder. In addition, we used Cattaneo–Christove heat flux effects to explore the heat transfer of copper and aluminum oxide under convective thermal boundary conditions with blood as the base fluid. The flow of fluid is governed by partial differential equations, which are then transformed into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The problem was numerically solved using Mathematica’s NDSolve command after manipulating relevant non-dimensional variables and similarity transformations. It presented a graphical representation of velocity and temperature fields with variations in the physical parameters. Raising the curvature parameter increases velocity and temperature in the region very far from the stretched surface, but has the opposite effect near the cylinder's surface. The graphs also show that the volume fraction of nanoparticles has an inverse relationship with fluid velocity and temperature. The temperature of the fluid rises by combining the properties of non-uniform heat flux and thermal radiation.