Abstract
<em>Soil respiration and rate of CO2 emission is determined by its temperature and its organic matter. Canopy opening of a pristine forest affect the amount of radiation energy that are able to go down the canopy and determine the microclimate variability at the forest floor and rate of CO2 emission. This resesarch was conducted at Babahaleka Forest Lore Lindu National Park, Central Sulawesi and supported under the cooperation of IPB-STORMA (Stability of Rainforest Margin) project, with an objective to determine the effect of soil temperature as a consequence of different level of canopy opening (and incoming radiation) on CO2 emission from soil respiration process. Soil CO2 emission was measured through CO2 gas sampling using a closed chamber method and analyzed using CO2 gas analyzer. Measurement of soil temperature, air temperature, relative humidity and soil organic matter were conducted at each CO2 gas sampling sites for further analysis of correlation between them. It was shown that soil temperature and soil surface temperature, soil moisture and air temperature affected soil respiration and CO2 emission from the soil surface. Average soil surface CO2 fluxes was 299.15 mgCO<sub>2</sub>m<sup>-2</sup>h<sup>-1</sup>, with fluxes from more open canopy cover was higher than that from a closed canopy cover, 329.33-375.77 mgCO<sub>2</sub>m<sup>-2</sup>h<sup>-1</sup> and 209.24-304.18 mgCO<sub>2</sub>m<sup>-2</sup>h<sup>-1</sup> respectively.</em>
Highlights
Soil respiration and rate of CO2 emission is determined by its temperature
Canopy opening of a pristine forest affect the amount of radiation energy
able to go down the canopy
Summary
Pengambilan sampel gas dilakukan sebelum ruang sampel gas ditutup (0 menit) untuk analisis CO2. Pengukuran CO2 dilakukan pada beberapa plot sampel dengan menggunakan closed chamber method (Toma Y & Hatano R 2007). Ruang sampel gas (Gambar 1) terbuat dari bahan stainless steel berwarna putih dengan lebar 20 cm dan tinggi 25 cm. Kandungan bahan organik diperoleh dari hasil analisis sampel tanah pada kedalaman 30 cm. Semua pengukuran dilakukan bersamaan dengan pengambilan sampel gas CO2 dari tanah. Pengukuran kelembaban tanah tanah dilakukan pada kedalaman tanah 10 cm dari permukaan tanah dengan menggunakan TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) 100-t Soil Moisture Probe. Penukuran bahan organik tanah dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel tanah pada kedalaman 30 cm dari pengukuran emisi CO2 pada masingmasing plot sampling. Analysis statistic of variance (ANOVA) dan koefisien korelasi digunakan untuk membandingkan data respirasi tanah (CO2) pada beberapa besaran tutupan kanopi dengan variabel iklim. Serta berada pada kisaran yang sama dengan hasil pengukuran fluks CO2 pada tanah hutan primer Kuamang Kuning Jambi sebesar 232.31-343.88 mgCO2m-2h-1 (Ishizuka S et al 2002), hutan subtropis di Skotlandia (Chapman & Thurlow 1996 diacu dalam Taufik (2003), hutan subtropis di Ottawa, kanada (Lessard et al 1994 diacu dalam Taufik (2003), hutan hujan tropis di Kenya dan hutan primer di barat daya China (Werner et al.2006)
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