Abstract
Little information is available regarding vegetative propagation of the species Piper nigrum L. to generate technical recommendations for the production of seedlings on a commercial scale. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rhizogenic behavior of cultivars of this species regarding indol-3-butyric acid (IBA). The experiment was performed at a vegetation house equipped with an intermittent nebulization irrigation system. The experimental site was located in the University Center of Northern Espirito Santo (CEUNES) of the Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Brazil. The experimental design consisted of randomized complete blocks design arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme: three cultivars (Bragantina, Iacara and Guajarina) x five IBA concentrations (0; 1,500; 3,000; 4,500 and 6,000 mg kg -1 ), with four repetitions of 16 cuttings each. Total immersion of the cuttings in IBA is recommended for the Iacara and Guajarina cultivars, and immersion of only the basal region is recommended for cv. Bragantina. The recommended IBA concentration for these cultivars is 4,000 mg kg -1 .
Highlights
In Brazil, black pepper, in addition to being a valuable spice, has shown other applications in research as a larvicide to fight Aedes aegypti (SIMAS et al, 2007; GRZYBOWSKI et al, 2012) and for the bactericide properties of the essential oil of its seeds (TRAJANO et al, 2009).Black pepper is very important both socially and economically for the northern region of the State of Espírito Santo, especially for its principal producing city, São Mateus
In this State, black pepper is grown on 2,725 ha, producing up to 6,371 ton, with an average yield of 2,723 kg ha-1; this State is second in the national production ranking, surpassed only by the State of Pará, where black pepper production
After each stake was treated for three seconds with different concentrations of the auxin and inert talc formulation, the cuttings were planted in polyethylene trays containing vermiculita (Dimy®, Paraná State, Brazil) substrate [particle size distribution (%): > 4.75 mm (1.32%), 2.00 at 4.75 mm (17.14%), 1.00 at 2.00 mm (26.10%), 0.5 at 1.00 mm (22.19%), 0.25 at 0.5 mm (16.05%) and < 0.25 mm (17.21%)]
Summary
Black pepper is very important both socially and economically for the northern region of the State of Espírito Santo, especially for its principal producing city, São Mateus. In this State, black pepper is grown on 2,725 ha, producing up to 6,371 ton, with an average yield of 2,723 kg ha-1; this State is second in the national production ranking, surpassed only by the State of Pará, where black pepper production. The position of the State of Espírito Santo relative the State of Pará, even though the planted area is significantly smaller, still indicates that we can improve in a few aspects, including the quality of seedlings. Improving the seedling quality starts by selecting the vegetal material and implies the maintenance of the mother plant characteristics, such as high productivity, vigor, absence of diseases, etc
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