Abstract
The Yalom's 'here-and-now' techniques-activation and illumination is worked particularly in each session of long-term group psychotherapy. Both activation and illumination help therapist interpret, reflect, and clarify individual's behaviors. In the premature, dropping out of group, the therapist also used both in order to do following benefits: reduce the clients' psychological distress, increase individual's self-esteem, and foster client's hope in group session as well as maintain positive outcome of long-term group psychotherapy. The volunteers in long-term group psychotherapy of the Thai Psychotherapist Association was observed and recorded the 'here-and-now' techniques by an observer when the premature drop out presented in the group process. The result of this study showed that most of Yalom's 'here-and-now' activation was demonstrated in premature drop out group.
Highlights
In the premature, dropping out of group, the therapist used both in order to do following benefits: reduce the clients’ psychological distress, increase individual’s self-esteem, and foster client’s hope in group session as well as maintain positive outcome of long-term group psychotherapy
Bonding and cohesion influence positive emotions such as the sense of belonging, acceptance, care, and trust.[1,2,3,4] the participants may experience the premature termination of psychotherapy —group crisis.[5,6,7,8] The group crisis leads to individual’s emotional distresses such as disappointment, sad, anger, hopelessness, guilty and depression.[3,8,9,10,11,12,13,14] the result of premature drop-out group effected on the equilibrium of therapeutic process or/and leaving of some members from the group therapy.[1,3,15] The therapy session can become an essential process to help individuals recover from emotional distress
Therapist will advised the individual to practice more appropriate and positive behavior in order to avoid negative impacts to others.[1,3,23,24,25,26,27,28,29] the premature drop-out group—group crisis presented in the current issue and immediate emotional crisis in group session, the group leader(i.e therapist) must apply the ‘here-and-now’ techniques concurrently within the group to help members identify level of psychological distress, facilitate resolution of interpersonal problem within the group, and maintain group’s cohesiveness and bonding
Summary
In the premature, dropping out of group, the therapist used both in order to do following benefits: reduce the clients’ psychological distress, increase individual’s self-esteem, and foster client’s hope in group session as well as maintain positive outcome of long-term group psychotherapy. Therapist will advised the individual to practice more appropriate and positive behavior in order to avoid negative impacts to others.[1,3,23,24,25,26,27,28,29] the premature drop-out group—group crisis presented in the current issue and immediate emotional crisis in group session, the group leader(i.e therapist) must apply the ‘here-and-now’ techniques concurrently within the group to help members identify level of psychological distress, facilitate resolution of interpersonal problem within the group, and maintain group’s cohesiveness and bonding For this reason, the main objective of this study is to examine with Yalom’s ‘here-and-now’ techniques by observing the long-term group psychotherapy and therapist’s action in ‘here-and now’ after the premature drop out.
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