Longitudinal Changes of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer in Highly Myopic Glaucoma: A 3-year Cohort Study.

Jingwen Jiang,Kangjie Kong,Fengbin Lin,Fengqi Zhou,Yunhe Song,Xiaoyi Liu,Zige Fang,Dilimulati Xiaokaiti,Ling Jin,Meiling Chen,Jost B Jonas,Dennis S.C Lam,Linda M Zangwill,Xiaodong Sun,Robert N Weinreb,Fei Li,Xiulan Zhang,Xiulan Zhang,Yizhi Liu,Lin Lv,David Friedman,Jost B Jonas,Tin Aung,Shida Chen,Wei Wang,Fengbin Lin,Yunhe Song,Peiyuan Wang,Kangjie Kong,Jingwen Jiang,Fei Li,Kai Gao,Bingqian Liu,Yuhong Liu,Meiling Chen,Neil M Bressler,Ki Ho Park,Mingguang He,Kyoko Ohno-Matsui,Robert N Weinreb,Ching-Yu Cheng,Paul Healey,Linda M Zangwill,Xiang Chen,Guangxian Tang,Ling Jin

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.014

Jingwen Jiang, Kangjie Kong + Show 44 more

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2025.01.014

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Journal: Ophthalmology

Publication Date: Jan 20, 2025

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To describe the longitudinal changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL) thicknesses in highly myopic eyes with and without glaucoma, and to investigate the effects of high myopia (HM) on the sectoral patterns of pRNFL and mGC-IPL thinning. Longitudinal cohort study. A total of 243 eyes from 243 individuals with 3-year follow-up were included in this study: 109 eyes in the HM group, 64 eyes in the open-angle glaucoma (OAG) group and 70 eyes in the highly myopic glaucoma (HMG) group. Based on visual field assessment, 19 OAG eyes and 21 HMG eyes were determined to be progressive. Mean and sectoral pRNFL and mGC-IPL thicknesses were obtained using swept-source optical coherence tomography. A linear mixed-effects model was used to compare the thinning rates and percentages between groups. Mean and sectoral thinning rates and percentages of pRNFL and mGC-IPL in HM, OAG, and HMG eyes. The mean age of the participants was 37.2 ± 11.2 years, and the mean follow-up duration was 3.2 ± 0.3 years. The mean pRNFL thickness changed at rates of -0.44, -0.63 and -1.17 μm/year in the HM, OAG, and HMG group, respectively (P < 0.001), while the mean mGC-IPL thickness changed at rates of -0.10, -0.32 and -0.41 μm/year in the three groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Temporal pRNFL thinning was faster in HMG compared to OAG (-1.24 μm/year vs -0.45 μm/year, P = 0.002). The mGC-IPL thinning rate in each sector was not significantly different between HMG and OAG group (all Ps > 0.05). In contrast to OAG, HMG eyes showed greater percentage thinning rates of pRNFL in the inferior and temporal sectors, with a greater mGC-IPL thinning in the inferonasal sector. The patterns of pRNFL and mGC-IPL thinning differ between HMG and OAG. In particular, faster temporal pRNFL thinning may serve as a distinguishing feature for identifying glaucoma in HM eyes. These findings may also enhance the understanding of the mechanisms of damage in HMG.

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