Lithium battery systems – Lithium batteries – Secondary systems – Lithium-ion systems | Solid electrolyte interphase

Abstract

The development of a commercial and rechargeable lithium-ion battery in 1991 paved the way for the emergence of many portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, etc. Lithium-ion batteries come with numerous benefits, such as minimal self-discharge and high energy density. The Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI), a passivation layer that forms on the surface of the anode due to the decomposition of the electrolyte and regulating ion flow, plays a crucial role in the effective functioning of the battery. The chemical composition, transport properties, thickness, and mechanical features of the SEI influence the stability of the battery. Therefore, the comprehension of the interface chemistry and the mechanism of formation is necessary for enhancing the overall performance of the battery. This chapter provides an overview of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase, its characterization, advantages, and disadvantages. Also, it offers a concise review of the artificial SEI, single-ion electrolytes, electrolyte additives, incorporation of a separator between the electrode and electrolyte, single and dual-layered surface coating, downsizing, and alloying metals.