Abstract
Head injury is often referred to as “the silent epidemic” remains a public health problem and is the largest contributor to mortality and record among all injuries. The aim of this study was to identify the prognostic factors in head injury patients based on a literature study. The research design used in this study was a literature study with a sample of 15 journals, Google Scholar (n=3), Pubmed (n=4), proQuet(n=4), Science Direct (n=4). The results of this study are that there are factors that influence the prognostication of head injury patients including age (11 journals), GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale) (11 journals), gender (3 journals), and hematoma (4 journals). Prognostic factors of head injury were found in 15 journals, including age, GCS (Glasgow Coma Scale), gender, and hematoma.
Highlights
Head injury is a serious health problem and a major factor in death and disability (Skaansar et al, 2020)
The purpose of this study was to identify the prognostic factors in head injury patients based on a literature study
Age factors affect the prognosis of head injury patients The current literature has shown that age influences the severity of head injury and mortality.It is recognized that advanced age is one of the main prognostic factors and has a significant influence on mortality after TBI (Ostermann et al, 2018)
Summary
Head injury is a serious health problem and a major factor in death and disability (Skaansar et al, 2020). According to Riskesdas (2018), the prevalence of head injuries in Indonesia is 11.9%. Head injury cases often occur in productive ages 14-24 years. According to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO), there are consistently around 1.2 million people who die due to accidents and suffer head injuries. In America, head injury cases reached 1.7 million cases per year, 275,000 were treated and 52,000 died. In Indonesia, head injury cases are estimated to reach around 500,000 cases every year. Of this total, 10% of patients died before being admitted to the clinic. In patients who come to the emergency department, 80% are minor injuries, 10% are moderate injuries, and 10% are classified as severe head injuries (Aucone et al, 2016)
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