Abstract
<p>This research was carried out to investigate the genetic structure of the 20 F1s rapeseed hybrids established from five female moderate maturity lines and four early maturity male testers, to determine parents showing general combining ability (GCA) and detect crosses showing specific combining ability (SCA). Significant variance of parents and crosses for all the traits indicated the existence of significant genetic variation among the parents and their F1 cross combinations. Significant variance of parents <em>vs. </em>crosses revealed significant average heterosis for all the traits except first pod height and seeds per pod. High narrow-sense heritability estimates for number of branches and pods length, indicate the importance of additive genetic effects for these traits. Hybrid performance was generally better than parental performance for all the traits except number of branches and also the genetic variation of lines × testers for all the traits were more than lines and testers. Most of the crosses with high mean value of pods per plant were yielded from the parental lines with high mean value of this trait. The crosses including L41×Foma2, Zafar×R42 and L22B×R38 with significant positive SCA effects of seed yield had also high mean values (3400, 3311.3 and 2904.2 kg ha-1 , respectively) of this trait.</p>
Highlights
The oilseed Brassicas are the world’s third most important source of oils and their production has witnessed a steady upward movement with the aim of conventional and modern plant breeding approaches (16)
Significant differences were found among the treatments, parents and their crosses for first pod height, number of primary branches, pods on main raceme, pods per plant, pods length, seeds per pod and seed yield indicating sufficient genetic variations for the genotypes and their cross combinations for these traits (Table 1)
High narrow-sense heritability estimates were found for the number of branches, pods length and seeds per pod, indicating the prime importance of additive genetic effects for these traits
Summary
The oilseed Brassicas are the world’s third most important source of oils and their production has witnessed a steady upward movement with the aim of conventional and modern plant breeding approaches (16). Seed yield of rapeseed is a quantitative trait, which is largely influenced by the different environmental conditions and in most of the cases it has low heritability (3, 4, 12, 21, 24). The exploitation of genetic variability in any crop species is considered to be critical for making further genetic improvement in seed yield as well as other economically important traits (6, 7, 14, 15, 22). In rapeseed breeding[2] program for hybrid and open pollinated varieties, general and specific combining ability effects (GCA and SCA) are important indicators of the potential of inbred lines in hybrid combinations. To incorporate desirable characters to maximize economic yields, the knowledge of combining ability is valuable to get information on selection of parents and nature of gene actions involved. Information and exact study of combining ability can be useful in regard to selection of breeding methods and selection of lines for
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