Abstract
Abstract The long-standing view of leaf senescence as an organized genetically controlled process has received convincing support from recent genome-wide studies of differential gene expression. Many hundreds of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) appear to be up- or down-regulated for the sake of nutrient salvage, including a wide array of SAGs that encode proteases, nucleases, lipid-, carbohydrate- and amino acid-degrading enzymes. Mobilization and export of nutrients from senescing leaves is accompanied by complex expression of a special set of genes for transporters. Another category of genes with altered transcription rates was shown to control protective- or stress-response functions necessary to keep the cells viable till the task of salvage is completed. Coordinated activation or inactivation of various subsets of SAGs is governed by a comprehensive network of regulatory genes, such as genes for transcription factors and hormone pathways. Transcriptome data and mutant screens provide a foundation for further analysis of physiological functions of senescence-expressed genes and subsequent manipulation for the benefits of plant breeding.
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