Abstract
To achieve net-zero carbon emissions, intermittent renewable energy generators will need to replace dispatchable greenhouse gas emitting generators and alternative fuels will be required for industries dependent on fossil fuels. Energy storage such as batteries will be required to compensate for any mismatch between generation and consumption. Hydrogen can also be created during periods of high generation for seasonal energy storage and fossil fuel replacement. Integrated battery-electrolysers, known as battolysers offer a solution to both battery storage and hydrogen generation. A nickel-iron battolyser has been developed by Delft University, however, alternative chemistries should be investigated due to the strain on resources caused by scaling up of production. This paper examines an alternative battolyser chemistry based on a lead acid battery. The paper includes details on the construction of a lead-acid battolyser prototype and measured performance characteristics for a proof-of-concept. The paper shows that energy storage and hydrogen production are both possible using a lead-acid battolyser, although initial data shows performance does not match theory.
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