Abstract
Abstract. Land use land cover (LULC) of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao (GHKM), south china, has undergone significant changes in the last few decades. This study analyze the spatio-temporal LULC changes and urban expansion during 2010–2017 using Landsat TM, ETM+, and OLI. The Landsat images were classified using support vector machine (SVM) into seven classes as forest, grassland, water, fishponds, built-up, bareland, and farmland. Several socioeconomic factors were also obtained to determine their impact on LULC. The result shows that during the studied period, massive economic development and urbanization has increased the built-up area from 8.26% (16,209.61 km2) to 10.31% (20241.77 km2) and substantial reduction in both farmland from 37.64% (73,897.77 km2) to 33.05% (64932.19 km2) and fishponds from 1.25% (2451.12 km2) 0.85% (1674.71 km2). The most dominant conversion were from farmland to built-up and to forest. Furthermore, forest cover increased to 45.02 % (88384.97 km2) in 2017 from 42.38% (83215.59 km2) in 2010 as a result of different afforestation scheme and policies in order to make Greener study area. The analysis of socioeconomic factors shows that increase in gross domestic product (GDP), total investment in fixed assets, and industrialization has led to urbanization growth on a large scale and reduction of farmland. Therefore, there is pressing need for sustainable development and protection of farmlands.
Highlights
Land use land cover changes (LULCC) is the most direct expression of intense anthropogenic activity (Mooney, Duraiappah, & Larigauderie, 2013)
In 1995 two main international organization were eastablished named as the “International GeosphereBiosphere Programme (IGBP)” and the “International Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP)”
As a result of different afforestation scheme and to make Guangdong, Hong, and Macao greener the forest cover increased from 42.38% (83215.59 km2) in 2010 to 45.02% (88,384.19 km2) in 2017 with annual rate of growth 0.86% and net gain 3.42%
Summary
Land use land cover changes (LULCC) is the most direct expression of intense anthropogenic activity (Mooney, Duraiappah, & Larigauderie, 2013). To accommodate population pressure, Corresponding author the urban growth pattern is towards the peripheral of rural areas (Araya & Cabral, 2010) causing conversion of natural and semi-natural resources at an unprecedented rate such as conversion of farmland into built-up land (Wu, Ye, Qi, & Zhang, 2013). This indicating that demand for natural resources is increasing day by day with the increase in population and urbanization is proceeding at staggering speed. These factors may ominously change landscape structures and it is more prevalent in developing countries of the world such as China (Dou & Chen, 2017; Hasan et al, 2019; Salih, Ganawa, & Elmahl, 2017; Zhu & Woodcock, 2014)
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