Lacrimal Stenosis after Chemical and Thermal Ocular Burns

Abstract

Chemical or thermal burns of the ocular surface are an urgent ophthalmologic emergency. Consecutive epiphora causes a high level of suffering for affected patients. Based on a review of current literature, and our own longstanding experiences, recommendations are given on the treatment of secondary lacrimal duct obstruction due to ocular surface damage after chemical or thermal burns. An initial evaluation of the tissue damage is crucial. Necrotic tissue should be removed. The patency of the lacrimal passage has to be proved in respect. In case of primary involvement of the lacrimal ducts, treatment is necessary. Here, recanalization can be achieved by using conical probes or lacrimal cannulas. Lacrimal intubation has to be performed. Scar formation should be completed if a secondary reconstruction is required. Lacrimal stenosis after chemical or thermal burns of the ocular surface is a rare complication. Initial surgical intervention should be performed if primary lacrimal involvement can be ensured. If possible, surgical reconstruction should not be performed prior to 6 months after the trauma.