Abstract
It is considered a system of organization of labour protection in Ukraine and the normative principles of safety and health in the European Union in the article. It is analysed the European normative principles of providing a risk-oriented approach to labour protection based on the principle of “unity and differentiation” of legal regulation of labor protection. At the same time, the differentiation of the provision of labor protection at European enterprises, in contrast to domestic ones, is provided both in terms of the specifics of work organization in a particular field of economics and the differentiation of the implementation of a risk-oriented approach to ensuring the safety and health of large, medium and small businesses. The particular attention is given to the methodological support of employers from European authorities by providing them with recommendations on risk assessment on the workplace. It is stressed that European standards on occupational safety and health establish that the work environment in the workplace of worker should not only reduce and prevent the impact on physical health of workers of production factors, but also ensure the worker’s health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not only the absence of illness or infirmity. It is substantiated that in order to improve the organization of labour protection of workers in Ukraine, it is necessary to review existing approaches for creation of safe and healthy working conditions and implement a risk-oriented approach. The basis for such review should be the improvement of labour legislation in a part of the legal regulation of labour protection. In Ukraine, for organization of labour protection system, it is necessary to introduce a European experience of ensuring safe and healthy working conditions on the workplace. The improvement of domestic system of labor protection in general and labor protection in the economic sectors should be based on established normative minimum standards of safety and health at the workplace, and the differentiation of legal regulation of occupational safety should take into account the peculiarities of labor processes in the industries and create conditions for implementing a risk-oriented approach to safety and health at small and medium enterprises.
Highlights
The efficiency of production, labor productivity and efficiency of workers as development factors of domestic economy largely depend on the organization of labor protection in the sectors and in every considered enterprise
The ensuring safe and healthy working conditions in the production environment directly affects the health of workers and their ability to work, and it in its turn, affects the final results of the enterprise
The basis for such review should be the improvement of labor legislation in the legal regulation of occupational safety
Summary
The efficiency of production, labor productivity and efficiency of workers as development factors of domestic economy largely depend on the organization of labor protection in the sectors and in every considered enterprise. The main objectives of such transformation are: to transfer from compensation for harm caused to the prevention of occupational injuries; to reduce regulatory pressure on employers and, at the same time, to strengthen their responsibility for ensuring safe and healthy working conditions; to redirect supervisory activity of state bodies to expand information and advisory support In this case, the management and continuous monitoring of risks to the life and health of workers should be an obligation of employer, established at the legislative level” [8, p. Risk evaluation on the workplace avoiding risks evaluating the risks which cannot be avoided combating the risks at source adapting work to the individual, especially regarding workplace design, choice of work equipment and working/production methods; the aim is to alleviate monotonous work and predetermined work-rates, and to reducing their effect on health replacing dangerous activities with non/less dangerous developing a coherent overall prevention policy which covers technology, organisation of work, working conditions, social relationships, and the working environment prioritising collective protective measures over individual ones giving staff appropriate instructions adapting to technical progress
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