La prensa satírica, las guerras y la configuración del enemigo en el siglo XIX: el caso de Paraguay Illustrado (Rio de Janeiro, 1865) y El Barbero (Santiago de Chile, 1879)

Abstract

The main objective of this article is to analyse, in a comparative perspective, the visual representations published in two satirical papers during war times. The sources will be, in the first place, Paraguay Illustrado published in 1865, first year of Triple Alliance War, in the city of Rio de Janeiro and, in second place El Barbero from Santiago de Chile, issued by the end of the first year of the Pacific War (1879). The hypothesis is that, despite the press was characterized by critical posicion against political power and, in wartimes it acted as source of representation about nationalist ideas and images based on the lower image of the enemy. The speech about identity and otherness on its pages, reproduced a Manichean perspective about war that exalted the self-image and devaluated the enemy’s image.