Key performance indicators for Smart Campus and Microgrid

Abstract

Attempts have been made to enhance the smartness of a campus from various perspectives such as obtaining real-time statistics on reduction in energy consummation, increased percentage of power generation from renewable resources, improved campus traffic flow, air quality, and monitoring buildings health etc. However, to the best of our knowledge a comprehensive list of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for smart campus and smart microgrid is yet to be developed. In this work, we study smart cities, smart microgrids, city ranking systems, and literature on smart campuses for extracting a list of relevant KPIs as well as propose new KPIs where needed to support the main business process of a university campus. Accordingly, 74 KPIs have been listed which are measurable, achievable, relevant, and time phased. We divide these KPIs among 15 service areas consisting of smart microgrid, smart buildings, intelligent transportation, economic growth, smart governance, propagation model, pollution & waste management, climate resilience, water resource management, financial sustainability, entrepreneurial leadership, enhanced teaching and learning, security and privacy mechanisms, health care provision, and public participation. In addition, we present an example of a university campus from energy consumptions and carbon footprint perspectives. We also highlight the need for long distance, low power communication architecture to support 2-way communication of microgrid and infrastructure with devices installed at remote locations. The aim of this work is to establish a mechanism that allows campus management to monitor the smartness of their university campus in general, and microgrid in particular.