Abstract
Democracy is a political tool that aims to reach agreement and produce fair decisions for everyone. However, it seems that not all democratic processes and decision-making involve individuals or groups who are socially in a weak, powerless, and marginalized position. These groups, such as women, the elderly, minority groups, and the poor, find themselves in a disadvantageous situation, while political decisions made through a democratic process also impact and affect them directly. Based on this thought, Iris Marion Young, a modern feminist political thinker, seeks to dismantle the various democratic symptoms that obstruct the achievement of justice for all. One of the main problems Young identified is the attempt by those in power to ignore or override the role of communities that are not in power, thereby preventing them from taking full part in democratic processes and decision-making. Therefore, Young proposes the need to intrude on inclusion in the democratic process, through communication models which she calls communicative democracy.
Highlights
Sylvester Kanisius Laku, SS., M.Pd. adalah Dosen Fakultas Filsafat Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Bandung
Democracy is a political tool that aims to reach agreement and produce fair decisions for everyone. It seems that not all democratic processes and decision-making involve individuals or groups who are socially in a weak, powerless, and marginalized position. These groups, such as women, the elderly, minority groups, and the poor, find themselves in a disadvantageous situation, while political decisions made through a democratic process impact and affect them directly
Iris Marion Young, a modern feminist political thinker, seeks to dismantle the various democratic symptoms that obstruct the achievement of justice for all
Summary
Demokrasi telah bergumul dengan problem partisipasi sejak zaman polis Yunani hingga saat ini. Siapa yang seharusnya menjadi demos dan bagaimana demos itu menjalankan fungsinya agar kepentingan warga negara yang lain terwakili adalah problem khas demokrasi yang masih ditemui dan diperkarakan hingga dewasa ini.[1] Sekalipun demokrasi diyakini sebagai model terbaik karena menyertakan warga negara dalam proses pengambilan keputusan dan dianggap dapat mengatasi ketidakadilan, itu tidak berarti, baik teori maupun praksisnya, sudah jelas dengan sendirinya, sehingga bebas dari cacat dan kritik. Kerisauan utamanya adalah bagaimana mestinya demokrasi diwujudkan agar baik proses maupun hasil keputusannya dapat sungguh-sungguh memenuhi keadilan yang menjangkau kelompok-kelompok yang secara sosial-politik terkucilkan, jika tidak mau disebut tertindas. Tesis Young bahwa melalui inklusi demokrasi, terutama melalui apa yang dia sebut demokrasi komunikatif, ketidakadilan dan ketidaksetaraan sosial-politik dapat teratasi. Pertanyaan yang coba dikemukakan dalam makalah ini adalah bagaimana inklusi dimungkinkan sementara karakter khas politik demokrasi adalah partisan dan itu berarti menciptakan eksklusifitas?
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