Karyotypes and genome size of Adonis amurensis and Adonis apennina (Ranunculaceae) from Asian Russia

A.S Erst,W Wang,E.Yu Mitrenina

doi:10.15421/2021_24

Abstract

The karyotypes of Adonis amurensis from Amur Oblast,' and Adonis apennina from Altai Republic, Khakassia Republic, and Irkutsk Oblast' have been investigated. The karyotype formula was obtained as 2n = 2x =16 = 8m + 8sm(4sat) for all specimens. We estimated karyotype asymmetry through the calculation of the Coefficient of Variation of Chromosome Length (CVCL), Coefficient of Variation of Centromeric Index (CVCI), and Mean Centromeric Asymmetry (MCA), and determination of Stebbins asymmetry index. The chromosome set of Adonis amurensis was found to be more symmetrical than the chromosome set of Adonis apennina. The average absolute nuclear DNA content (2C–value) was originally determined for Adonis amurensis and Adonis apennina by flow cytometry and attained on average 20.38 pg and 17.29 pg, respectively.

Highlights

The genus Adonis L. is composed of perennial and annual herbaceous plants included in the tribe Adonideae T
Subsection Vernales Poschkurl. and characterized by thick short rhizomes and black-brown adventitious roots; erect or ascending, simple or branching, up to 15 cm high at flowering, up to 30–40 cm high at fruiting, with 3–6 scaly leaves up to 3 cm long, one-flowered or multi-flowered stems; straight or slightly curved, rounded, slightly ribbed stem; imparipinnate, 2- or 3-pinnatifid, with narrow lanceolate, acute or obtuse segments; upper leaves are smaller, second-order dissection basal leaves; 5, greenish-gray, lavender sepals; 5–12, 2.0–3.0 cm long, 0.5–1.0 cm wide, obovate or rounded and narrowed at the base, mostly overlapping, yellow petals; numerous, 3.5–5.0 mm long, greenish-brown, densely pubescent stamens; almost at the apex of the ovaries, often more or less displaced to the dorsal suture stylodia (Fig. 1B). This species is distributed in the north-eastern part of European Russia, West, Middle and East Siberia, Russian Far East: south-west of Amur Oblast', Middle Asia, Mongolia, China. – Dry meadows, forest glades, and among forbs (Poshkurlat, 2000)
A possible effect of secondary metabolites on the binding of the intercalating dye was evaluated by measuring the fluorescence of Allium fistulosum L. leaf samples prepared as described above, but with the addition of the supernatant from Adonis samples centrifuged without propidium iodide (PI) (Erst et al, 2020b; Mitrenina et al, 2020)

Summary

Introduction

The genus Adonis L. is composed of perennial and annual herbaceous plants included in the tribe Adonideae T. Characterized by thick short rhizomes and black-brown adventitious roots; erect or ascending, simple or branching, up to 15 cm high at flowering, up to 30–40 cm high at fruiting, with 3–6 scaly leaves up to 3 cm long, one-flowered or multi-flowered stems (extremely rarely); straight or slightly curved, rounded, slightly ribbed stem; imparipinnate, 2- or 3-pinnatifid, with narrow lanceolate, acute or obtuse segments; upper leaves are smaller, second-order dissection basal leaves; 5 (rarely up to 7), greenish-gray, lavender sepals; 5–12 (sometimes up to 15), 2.0–3.0 cm long, 0.5–1.0 cm wide, obovate or rounded and narrowed at the base, mostly overlapping, yellow petals; numerous, 3.5–5.0 mm long, greenish-brown, densely pubescent stamens; almost at the apex of the ovaries, often more or less displaced to the dorsal suture stylodia (Fig. 1B) This species is distributed in the north-eastern part of European Russia, West, Middle and East Siberia, Russian Far East: south-west of Amur Oblast', Middle Asia, Mongolia, China. Adonis apennina is referred to as Adonis sibirica Patrin ex Ledeb. (Wang, 1994b), but the first name is nomenclature priority (Sennikov, 1998)

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

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