Joint Device Association and Power Coordination for H2H and IoT Communications in Massive MIMO Enabled HCNs

Tianqing Zhou,Luxi Yang,Dong Qin,Xuan Li,Xuefang Nie,Yanli Liu,Chunguo Li

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2988042

Abstract

The integration of massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) enabled heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs) and Internet of Things (IoT) is a promising treatment for future networking paradigms. In such networks, the human-to-human (H2H) devices and IoT devices have some distinct service requirements. Specifically, the former mainly concentrates on downlink throughput, but the latter pays more attention to uplink power consumption. Based on this, we design a device association mechanism (scheme) to achieve a tradeoff between these two performance metrics under devices' association requirements. Through some appropriate adjustments of weighting parameters, different types of devices can improve their performance metrics of interest. At last, such a scheme is formulated as a network-wide logarithmic utility maximization problem in a nonlinear and combinatorial form. To solve it, we develop two types of association algorithms, whose primary difference lies in the treatment of weighting parameters. Then, we show the corresponding convergence and computation complexity analyses for them. Finally, we investigate the impacts of weighting parameters, the BS power and the number of antennas on some certain performance metrics of designed algorithms and other existing one. The simulation results show that the designed algorithms can meet different devices' association requirements by properly adjusting weighting parameters.

Highlights

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm envisioned as the global network of smart devices capable of interacting with each other
heterogeneous cellular networks (HCNs) enhance the network coverage and relieve the flow congestion by deploying some low-power nodes at each macrocell [8]. Such these nodes mainly include pico base stations (BSs) (PBSs), femto BSs (FBSs) and so on, whose main difference lies in the transmit power, VOLUME 8, 2020
We focus on channel gains including shadowing and pathloss in an improved range extension (IRE)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm envisioned as the global network of smart devices capable of interacting with each other. Some ones focused on energy-efficient associations with maximizing the aggregate utility of energy efficiencies [12], the design of association mechanisms with power consumption minimization [32], [33], and the development of association algorithms with a tradeoff between energy efficiency and spectral efficiency [34] Such these works were mainly interesting in the downlink or uplink systems. B. CONTRIBUTIONS AND ORGANIZATION In this paper, we design an association mechanism to maximize a network-wide logarithmic utility of weighted downlink long-term rates and uplink power under the power coordination for H2H/IoT enabled HCNs with massive MIMO. To solve this type of problem, we assume that all devices have the same weighting parameters After such a treatment, we can design a feasible algorithm for the association subproblem using a dual decomposition method, and develop an effective one for the power coordination subproblem using a 2.s.s. function method. |z| represents an absolute value of z, Z denotes a 2-norm of Z

SYSTEM MODEL

ALGORITHM DESIGN FOR ASSOCIATION WITH POWER COORDINATION

CONVERGENCE ANALYSIS

COMPLEXITY ANALYSIS

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION

CONCLUSION