Service for communication of devices with Internet access: analysis of technologies and method of creation

Abstract

The subject of study in this article is technologies and services of communication of elements of smart home, as well as the models, methods, and tools for prototyping of interaction of devices for Internet of Things (IoT). The goal is to simplify the process of creation a service for the programmable by an end user device with the ability to communicate over Internet and to simplify the process of choosing the components for such devices. Task: to perform the analysis of IoT systems requirements and possible issues during the process of creation; to perform the analysis of requirements of safety and cybersecurity for IoT systems; to perform the research and classification of components of IoT systems; to perform the research of communication process between elements of IoT system; to analyze IoT communication protocols; to perform the analysis of services for IoT communication; propose the models of communication of IoT nodes; propose technique for creation of service; and provide practical example of implementation of the research results. According to the tasks, the following results were obtained. The analysis of possible problems and requirements for prototyping elements of smart home systems with Internet access is performed. The analysis of the existing architectures layers of IoT systems is performed. Models of Edge and Fog for IoT system are considered. Analysis of cybersecurity considerations for the devices communication is performed. Five types of components for smart home systems were classified. The process of communication of smart home elements with service at the model level is described. Existing communication protocols for the communication of devices over Internet are analyzed. Commercial and open source communication services for different types of devices are analyzed. Models of IoT node interaction are proposed. Technique of creation of a service for communication of devices and example of use are proposed. Conclusions. The main contribution of this research is the proposed method of creation of own service for communication over Internet for devices implemented on the basis of widely used microcontrollers. Based on the proposed classification of IoT hardware components, it is possible to simplify the decision-making process of selection based on the parameters of price, required efforts from the end customer for installation, and expandability in terms of the possibility of integration of the solution with wider systems. The performed analysis allows to conclude that from existing services ThingSpeak is interesting for use with the simplest chips, and Home Assistant is the preferable solution for home automation.