Joint Detection and Decoding of Mixed-ADC Large-Scale MIMO Communication Systems With Protograph LDPC Codes

Hung N. Dang,Thuy V. Nguyen,Hieu T. Nguyen

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3097444

Abstract

Nowadays, large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (LS-MIMO) with low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is a favorable transmission scheme for 5G and beyond wireless networks to reduce the power consumption of the radio frequency chains and to increase the network capacity. This paper derives the joint message-passing detection and decoding algorithm based on the double-layer graph for LS-MIMO communication systems with mixed-ADCs. The new protograph extrinsic information chart (PEXIT) algorithm is developed to analytically evaluate the performance of protograph low-density parity-check code under various mixed-ADC combinations and LS-MIMO configuration scenarios. The simulation results validate the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. Furthermore, our experiments show that the mixed-ADC system can achieve a significant power gain even when only one received antenna is equipped with high-resolution ADCs. It is observed that 4-bit or 5-bit resolution is an optimal choice for the high-resolution receive antennas. Interestingly, mixed-ADC systems with Ternay-ADCs generally provide significant gains at the cost of the increase in the average resolution by a fraction of a bit. There are specific scenarios where the Ternary-ADC-based system outperforms the 1-bit-ADC based system at the same or lower average resolution. In the particular case of 16 ×16 MIMO configuration where the number of low-resolution antennas is N L = 12 and the number of high-resolution antennas is N H = 4, the Ternary-ADC based system can obtain a power gain of about 2 dB at the frame error rate (FER) or bit error rate (BER) level of 10 -5 .

Highlights

Large-scale multiple-input and multiple-output (LS-MIMO) becomes promising transmission techniques for 5G and future wireless networks to meet the increasing demand for high-speed wireless connections in many practical applications [1], [2], [3]
ANALYTICAL RESULTS we use the proposed Mixed-analogto-digital converters (ADCs)-LS-MIMO protograph extrinsic information chart (PEXIT) in the previous section to calculate the iterative decoding threshold of a specific protograph low-density parity-check (LDPC) code which was designed for the 1-bit ADC LS-MIMO systems [34]
In this paper, we derived the joint detection and decoding algorithm on the double-layer graph and the equivalent PEXIT algorithm to assess the performance of the protograph LDPC codes for mixed-ADC LS-MIMO communication systems

Summary

Introduction

Large-scale multiple-input and multiple-output (LS-MIMO) becomes promising transmission techniques for 5G and future wireless networks to meet the increasing demand for high-speed wireless connections in many practical applications [1], [2], [3]. A radical challenge for LS-MIMO communication systems with hundreds or thousands of receive antennas is considerably high power consumption imposed by the huge number of radio frequency (RF) chains [4], [5]. MmWave massive MIMO of 256 RF chains equipped with 512 high-resolution. The associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Jinming Wen. ADCs (8 - 12 bits) have total power consumption as high as 256 Watt [5]. ADCs (8 - 12 bits) have total power consumption as high as 256 Watt [5] This is because the hardware cost and the power consumption of ADCs and DACs linearly increase with the bandwidth and exponentially with the number of bits used in the ADCs. To cope with that difficulty, an encouraging solution is to replace the power-hungry high-resolution ADCs with low-power low-resolution ADCs [5]–[14]. Opting for low-resolution ADCs can lead to a performance loss of the baseband signal processing blocks, such as channel gain estimation and signal detection

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Conclusion