Abstract
Objective:The present study was performed for isolation, identification, and molecular detection of Avipoxvirus [Turkeypox virus (TPV), Fowlpox virus (FPV), and Pigeonpox virus (PPV)] from field outbreaks in some selected areas of Mymensingh division, Bangladesh.Materials and Methods:A total of 60 suspected cutaneous nodular samples (10 TPV, 20 PPV, and 30 FPV) were collected. The samples were then subjected to isolation and identification by chicken embryo propagation followed by confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results:The TPV, FPV, and PPV were successfully isolated and identified from the nodular samples using embryo propagation and PCR technique targeting pox virus p4b gene. Out of 10 Turkeypox suspected field samples, five (50%) were positive for TPV. Similarly, among 30 Fowl pox suspected field samples, 12 (40%), and out of 20 Pigeonpox suspected field samples, eight (40%) were found to be positive for FPV and PPV, respectively. The overall prevalence of avipox (TPV, FPV, and PPV) virus infections in Mymensingh division was 41.67% (n = 25/60).Conclusion:This study has shown that TPV, FPV, and PPV are circulating in Mymensingh division. The isolated TPV, FPV, and PPV field isolates can be used as vaccine candidates to develop an effective vaccine for effective controlling of the avipox in Mymensingh division and surrounding areas.
Highlights
Poultry is one of the most flourishing sectors in Bangladesh
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) with pock lesions were collected for DNA extraction and the presence of Turkeypox virus (TPV), Fowlpox virus (FPV), and Pigeonpox virus (PPV) was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Figs. 3–5)
The present study has shown that the TPV, FPV, and PPV were circulating in Mymensingh division, and the overall prevalence of avipox (TPV, FPV, and PPV) virus infections was 41.67% and p value was recorded as 0.004 (p < 0.01), which indicates that the results were significant
Summary
Poultry is one of the most flourishing sectors in Bangladesh. With the advancement of the poultry industry in Bangladesh, nowadays, people are showing their interests in rearing turkey according to a report of “City Farmer News” (2018). The disease is characterized by the development of discrete nodular proliferative lesions in the non-feathered areas like the combs, wattles, eyelids, legs, and mucous membranes of the oral cavity, upper respiratory, and digestive systems [4]. It is still a malady and an enzootic to the growing chicken of any age, sex, and breed either in organized or in rural poultry farming system in Bangladesh [5]. In Bangladesh, Fowl pox (FP), Pigeonpox (PP), and Turkeypox (TP) infections are commonly found, which are caused by members of avipox group like Fowlpox virus (FPV), Pigeonpox virus (PPV), and Turkeypox virus (TPV), respectively
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