Investigation of Preliminary Phytochemicals, Analgesic, Anti-Arthritic, Thrombolytic and Cytotoxic Activities of Begonia Roxburghii (Miq.) DC. Leaves

Abstract

Background: The study was designed to investigate the phytochemical, analgesic, anti-arthritic, thrombolytic and cytotoxic evaluation of the Begonia roxburghii (Miq.) DC leaves extract (nHBR) using both in vitro and in vivo methods.Methods: The acetic acid induced writhing test and formalin induced pain test was used to perform anti-nociceptive activity on mice. In vitro anti-arthritic activity was assessed using protein denaturation method. The clot lysis activity was considered to evaluate thrombolytic potentials of the plant extract. The cytotoxic study was performed using brine shrimp larvae.Results: The phytochemical study has shown the abundance of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins and reducing sugars in the plant extract. In acetic acid-induced writhing test, the extract at different doses (100-400 mg/kg) reduced the number of writhing by 26.42 ± 1.13, 43.64 ± 2.50 and 55.42 ± 1.83 % respectively. The nHBR inhibited the licking response in both the early phase (56.52 ± 2.55 %) and the late phase (62.52 ± 2.57 %) in the formalin induced pain test. Moreover, the results revealed concentration dependent anti-arthritic effect in protein denaturation method with maximum inhibition 69.61 ± 2.15 % at doses 1000 μg/ml. The nHBR also showed (47.77 ± 1.80 %) clot lytic activity and cytotoxicity with LC50 67.61 μg/ml in the brine shrimp larvae bioassay.Conclusion: The study demonstrated phytochemical, anti-nociceptive, anti-arthritic, clot lysis and cytotoxic activities of the Begonia roxburghii (Miq.) DC.