Investigating the effect of injection rate on the capture efficiency of nanoparticles in different geometries of stenosed vessel

Abstract

In this study, the effect of injection speed on the capture efficiency (CE) of nanoparticles under the influence of a magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire is investigated. Three scenarios have been considered for the geometry of stenosis: (1) symmetrical stenosis, (2) upper wall stenosis, and (3) lower wall stenosis. The non-Newtonian behavior of blood has been modeled using the Carreau model. The effect of different parameters, including magnetic field, drag force, particle diameter, injection speed, blood velocity, and the shape of stenosis on the CE of nanoparticles, is investigated. Considering the injection speed along with non-Newtonian model in a vessel with stenosis is not addressed yet, and are investigated in the present study. The results show that blood velocity and particle diameter have a significant effect on the CE of nanoparticles. Besides, it was revealed that there is a threshold for current intensity (I = 0.009A). At the threshold, CE of nanoparticles is maximum (27.5%), and further increase in current intensity resulting in a dramatic reduction in CE. In all scenarios, as the injection speed increases, the CE of nanoparticles decreased. For example, for scenario 3, as the injection speed increased from 75 mm/s to 200 mm/s, the CE of nanoparticles reduced from 25% to 7.5%, respectively. Besides, for same injection speed, for example 75 mm/s, the CE of scenarios 1, 2, and 3 are 3%, 22.5%, and 25%, respectively. The upper wall stenosis is desired scenario in which the maximum carrier particles are captured at tumor site.