INTRODUCTION OF WOODY LIANAS AND PROSPECTS OF THEIR USE IN KRYVYI RIH GARDENING

Abstract

Problem. Due to the rapid trend of growth and spread of vertical landscaping in landscaping of settlements in Ukraine, studying woody lianas is quite active. There is almost no information on the bioecological features of woody lianas in conditions of our region and their use in landscaping of urban areas. Therefore, the aim of the work was to summarize the introduction of woody lianas in the Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, to analyze the current state of vertical landscaping in Kryvyi Rih, to find out the range of plants used and to prove the possibilities of its expansion. Methods. The distribution of introduced woody lianas by origin was carried out according to A.L. Takhtadzhyan . Assessment of viability was performed by the scale of viability of shrubs modified on the basis of the classification by Z.I. Luchnyk. Estimation of drought resistance of lianas was made by the scale of S.S. Piatnytskyi , winter hardiness was estimated on the scale adopted for botanical gardens of the USSR. Results and conclusions For Kryvyi Rih, one of the promising areas in the creation of modern landscape and architectural landscaping of the city is vertical landscaping based on twisted plants. The source for enrichment of the range of plants for urban area landscaping is the collections of the botanical garden. The introduction of woody lianas in the Kryvyi Rih Botanical Garden began in 1983. Today, the collection fund includes 31 species and 42 cultivars, representing 15 genera and 13 families. We determined that the phenorhythmics of the introduced species is consistent with the climatic conditions of the Right-Bank Steppe Dnieper Area, most of the species bloom annually, bear fruit, have high living conditions and decorativeness. Most woody lianas introduced in the KRBG are quite drought-resistant (they scored point I by Piatnytskyi scale), they tolerate short periods of drought without significant morphological changes (species of the genera Wisteria, Campsis, Celastrus, Parthenocissus, Vitis, Ampelopsis). Lower drought resistance (drought resistance scores point II) in species of the genera Lonicera, Actinidia was manifested by the loss of turgor in the leaves, which was restored during the night, and partial yellowing of the leaves. Groups of introduced woody lianas were selected according to the method of attachment to the support and the degree of decorativeness. A survey of the urban areas of Kryvyi Rih revealed that the range of woody lianas used is represented by 10 species and 7 cultivars from 10 genera and 10 families. According to the results of studying morpho-biological, ecological properties and decorative qualities, it is recommended to introduce Aristolochia manshuriensis, Akebia quinata, Celastrus flagellaris, Celastrus orbiculatus, Lonicera caprifolium, Wisteria sinensis more widely in landscaping of urban areas.